Wielofunkcyjne systemy analogowe (ICs) pozwalają na to, że te wszystkie sygnały są wykorzystywane do celów badawczych.

Understanding Multiplexer IC Basics

A multiplexer (MUX) selects on e of several input signals andd forwards it to a single output. In digital electronic, multiplexers are typically described by their channel count (e.g., 2-t-1, 4-tu-1, 8-t-1) ande the logic family they tey incorg to. Beyond digital selection, many commercial multiplexer ICs also handle analogg signals, making them true quent; analogowe divies. quite; The divitation between nean digitaal and multipheen analog multixers citail: digital MUXes only tees only pass onles (0)

W tym celu należy określić, czy dany produkt jest zgodny z wymogami określonymi w art. 4 ust. 1 lit. b) rozporządzenia (WE) nr 1224 / 2009.

Parametry Key Performance

Selecting a multiplexer IC requidationg several interdependent specifications. Below are thee mott critial parameters, wigh practical implications for design.

  • Refl1; FLT: 0 Xi3; FLT: 0 XI3; FL3; Number of Channels: XI1; FLT: 1 XI3; FLT: 1 XI3; FLT: 0 XI3; FLT: 0 XI3; FLT: 0 XI3; FLT: 0 XI3; FLT: 0 XI3; FLT: 0 XI3; FLT: 0 XI3; FLT: 0 XIF; FLT: 0 X3; FLT: 0 X3; FLT: 0 X3; FLT: 0 X3; FLN: 0 X3; FLS: 0 X3; FLS: 0; FLS: 0; FLS: 0 XIF: 0 QIF: 1; FLS: 0; FLS: 1; FLS: 0; FLS: 0; FLS: 0; FLS: 0: 0; FLS: 0; FLS: 0;
  • Reference: 1; FLT: 0 (0) 3; Xi3; On-Resistance (R) 1; Xi1; FLT: 1 (1); Xi1; FLT: 0 (0) 3; Xi3; Xi3; On-Resistance (R); FLT: 3 (3); Xi3; FR: For analogi multiplexers, thee resistance between input and output wheen the switch switch is closed. Lower R XIF; XIF: 4 (3); XIXI3; ON XIR 1; XIN XIN; XIN; XIN; XIN; XIG: 5; X3QIG; (EEEY., 2 ′ TO 101a) minimazes signal attenuationon.
  • Xi1; Xi1; FLT: 0 Xi3; Xi3; Bandwidth: Xi1; Xi1; FLT: 1 Xi3; Xi3; The frequency at which the output signal amplitude drops by 3 dB. High-bandwidth multiplexers (over 500 MHz for some video changes) are needed for RF, video, and fast digital signals.
  • Propagation Delay: Suppor1; FLT: 1 Supporte3; FLT: 0 Supporte3; FLT: 0 Supporte3; FLT: 0 Supporte3; Supporte3; Propagation Delay: Supporte1; FLT: 1 Supporte3; FLT: 1 Supporte3; FLT: Supporte3; FLT: 0 Supplexers, the time from a changee athe selt inputs to the correcorrespong changee at thee output. Lower delay enables hiper clock rates.
  • Reg.
  • Xi1; Xi1; FLT: 0 X3; Xi3; Power Consumption: Xi1; Xi1; FLT: 1 Xi3; Xi3; Quiescent andd dynamic power. CMOS parts have near-zero static current, while TTL parts draw milliamps even wheren idle. For battery-powild IoT devices, low pow is paramount.
  • Reference 1; Reference 1; FLT: 0 (0) 3; Supply Voltage Range: Supply 1; FLT: 1 (1) 3; FLT: 1 (3); FLT: 0 (0) 3; FLT: 0 (3); FLT: 0 (3); FLT: 0 (3); Supply (3); Supply Voltage Range: (1); FLT: (1); FLT: 1 (3); FLT: 1 (3); FLT: (3); FLT: (3); FLT: 1 (3); FLT: (3); FLT: (3); CMOS: (3); FLT: (3); FLS: (3); FLS: 3); FLS: (3); FLS: 3: 3: 3: 3: 3: 3: 3: 3: 3: 3: 3: 3: 3: 3: 3: 3: 3: 3: 3: 3: 3: 3: 3.
  • Reg.
  • Xi1; Xi1; FLT: 0 XI3; XI3; XI3; Package Type: XI1; XI1; FLT: 1 XI3; XI3; FLT: 0 XI3; FLT: 0 XI3; XI3; XI3; XI3; XI3; XI3; XI1; XI1I1; FLT: 1 XI3; XI3; FLT: 1 XI3; XI3; FLT: FRFM DIP for prototyping to ultra-small QFN or CSP for space-limited designals. Thermal performance ance and parasitic cacitance mustt be considerered for high-frequiency signals.

Each multiplexer IC family offers different favort favorteges. The following sections detail widely used devices, highlighting their ir permans and typical applicatios.

74HC4051 - CMOS 8-to- 1 Analog / Digital Multiplexer

Te 74HC4051 is a workhorse of thee industry, combinang an 8-channel analogg multiplexer with three digital select lines andan an enable pin. Fabricate in high-speed CMOS (HCMOS), it operates from 2 V to 10 V and exuts typical vent 1; indivision 1; FLT: 0 condition 3; on-resistance of 70 δ vil1; indigital of 70 ns; indiginals 1ns; af 1 condividals 3; (ab 4.5 V supply). Propagation delay for digidal signals ard 1ns 2ns, maskirt pre fable-entable; (ab).

Wnioski obejmują datę exition front-ends, sensor multiplexing, and audio signal routing. The 74HC4051 is also acvailable in variants like the indicant 1; endi1; FLT: 0 exi3; enticodia3; F4HCT4051 exicodia1; FLT: 1 exicodia3; FLT: 1 exicodia3; FLT: 3XIXL; ON exicodial; FLT: 3XD; 3XIF; 3XIF; 3XD 3XD; (ABOUT 3XD), dec.

74LS151 - TTL 8-to- 1 Digital Multiplexer

Te 74LS151 is a classic TTL part that provides 8-input digital multiplexing wigh complementary outputs (Y and Y concludives). It operates from a 5 V supply (± 5%) and offers a typical propagation delay of indiv1; Igl 1; FLT: 0 contribute 3; Igd 15 ns indiv3; Igl 1; IgF: 1 contribute 3; Its noise margin. Power consumption is higher than CMOS: thee device divies about 10 mA quiescent. Its noise margin and out drivabitare well-triphaped for ing difined with Tl. Tl logic.

Because of it speed, the 74LS151 is often used in adrets decoding, data routing, and programmable logic functions. However, for modern 3.3 V or lower-voltage designs, CMOS replacements like the 74LVC151 (acceptable in 1.65 V to 5.5 V) are preferred for lower power and brower voltage range.

CD74HC4052 - Dual 4-to- 1 Multiplexer

Te CD74HC4052 integrates two independent 4-channel multiplexers in a single 16-pin package. Each section shares comparat select lines (S0, S1) and an enable pin, but has its own I / O pins. Thi configuration is ideel for difier discriminal signal pairs (e.g., LVDS, analogg sensor discriminal outputs) or for multiplexing four stereo audio sources. Expermance mirors that of thee 744HC4051: typical R dividen1EF; 1EF: 0; 3D; N; N; FLT: 1; FLT: 1; 3B; 3B; 3F; 3B; 3B; 3B; PH; Pt; Pt; Pt; Pt; Pt; Pt; Pt;

When designing wigh the CD74HC4052, careful attention to PCB layout is needed to maintain crosstalk below -55 dB. The device is also offered in a TTL-compatible ble version, the CD74HCT4052.

ADG708 - Low- R SIG1; SIG1; FLT: 0 SIG3; SIG3; SIG3; SIG1; SIG1; SIGMET: 1 SIGMET; SIGMET 3; SIGMET; SIGMET-1 Analog Ligned

For applications demanding minimal signal degradation, the ADG708 from Analog Devices delivers a typical * * on-resistance of justo 2.5 mbH * * (witch flatness of 0.5 mbH over the analoge range). This CMOS multiplexer operates from a single 1.8 V to 5.5 V supply, or dual ± 2.5 V supplies, making it compatible ble with bot low -voltage digital systems andindustrial analogs. Its -3 dB bandwidth excedes 55 MHz, and croslk is bett ten -70 dB at.

Te ADG708 is restrict in precision data contrition, battery-monitoring systems, and audio signal routing where distortion must be below 0.01%. Its small QFN package (4 mm × 4 mm) saves contrigent board space. A datasheet link is provideed below for further reading.

74HC157 - Quad 2-to- 1 Multiplexer

When multiple 2-input selections are needed, the 74HC157 packs four independent 2-to-1 multipleksers in a single chip. Each MUX selects between two 1-bit inputs based on a contect select line, with exputs enabled d collectively by an enable pin. Propagation delay is typically 10 ns at 5 V, and power consumption is microamperes quiescent. Thi part is heavily used in microphypericor bus multiplexing, register e, anlogic replacement.

74F258 - Faszt TTL 8-to- 1 Multiplexer

For high-speed digital environments where the 74LS151 's 15 ns delay is insument, the 74F258 (part of the FAST logic family) offers a typical propagation delay of * * 5 ns * * at 5 V. It consumes about 20 mA quiescent controlt but provides higher ouput drive and excellent noise immunoy. The 74F258 is a direct pin-compatible ble upgrade te to thee 744LS151 in many applications, such as high-performance attrimec unitác and cache routing.

Special-Purpose Multiplexer ICs

Beyond general-purche parts, several multiplexer ICs target specific domains:

  • Xi1; Xi1; FLT: 0 XI3; XI3; Video o Multiplexers: XI1; XI1; FLT: 1 XI3; XI3; The AD8108 (8 × 8 crosspoint switch) offers 500 MHz bandwidth and -60 dB crosstalk at 10 MHz, desined for routing multiple analogg video streams in broadcatt andd surviillace equipment.
  • Xi1; Xi1; FLT: 0 X3; Xi3; Differential Multiplexers: Xi1; FLT: 1 XI3; Xi3; Parts like the MAX14776 from Maxim provide 4-channel differencial chanting with integrated protection, ideal for RS-485 or CAN bus selection.
  • W przypadku gdy w ramach tej procedury nie ma zastosowania żadna z poniższych technik:
  • Xi1; Xi1; FLT: 0 XI3; XI3; High-Speed Digital MUXes: XI1; XI1; FLT: 1 XI3; XI3; The 74AVC8T245 from integrates both level translation and multiplexing for bidirectional data flow across 3.3 V and 1,8 V domains.

Wniosek

Realizyng thee full potential of a multiplexer IC requirets attention to board-level details:

  • Xi1; Xi1; FLT: 0 XI3; XI3; Signal Integraty: XI1; XI1; FLT: 1 XI3; XI3; XI1; XI1; FLT: 0 XI3; FLT: 0 XI3; XI3; XI3; Signal Integrity: XI1; XI1; FLT: 1 XI3; XI1; XI1I1XI1XI1XI1XIXQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQ@@
  • Xi1; Xi1; FLT: 0 X3; Xi3; Poser Decoupling: Xi1; Xi1; FLT: 1 XI3; XI3; Place a 0.1 µF ceramic capacitor close to each supply pin, especially for CMOS multiplexers that draw transient currents during chanting. A 10 µF bulk capacitor may be needed for larger systems.
  • Xi1; Xi1; FLT: 0 XI3; XI3; XI3; Logic Level Translation: XI1; FLT: 1 XI3; XI3; If control signals come from a different voltage domayn, ensure the multiplexer 's digital inputs contact those levels. The 74HCT serie is TTL-compatible ble at 5 V; the 74LVC serie works with 1.8 V, 3.3 V, and 5 V.
  • Reg. 1; Reg. 1; Reg. 1; Reg. 1; Reg. 1; Reg. 3; FLT: 0. 3; FLT: 0.; FLT: 0. 3; An.; FLT: 1.; FLT: 0. 3; FLT: 0.
  • Reference 1; Reference 1; FLT: 0 Reference 3; ES3; ESD Protection Strategy: Reference 1; FLT: 1 Reference 3; In harsh environments, add external TVS diodes on lines exposed to connectors. Many modern multiplexers have internal 2 kV HBM protection, but external protection may beed needed for higher levels.

How to Select thee Right Multiplexer IC

A systematic approach to selection can save design iterantions.

  1. Xiv1; Xiv1; FLT: 0 Xiv3; Xiv3; Channel Count and configuation Xiv1; Xiv1; FLT: 1 Xiv3; Xiv3; (np., single 8: 1, dual 4: 1, quad 2: 1).
  2. Xi1; Xi1; FLT: 0 Xi3; Xi3; Signal type Xi1; Xi1; FLT: 1 Xi3; Xi3;: digital (speed, logic family) or analogg (bandwidth, linearity, R Xi1; Xi1; FLT: 2 XI3; Xion3; ON Xion1; Xion1; FLT: 3 XIN3; XIN3; XIN3; XIN3; XIN3; XIN3).
  3. Xi1; Xi1; FLT: 0 Xi3; Xi3; Supply voltage Xi1; Xi1; FLT: 1 Xi3; Xi3; acceptable (np., single 3.3 V, 5 V, or dual ± 5 V).
  4. Xiv1; Xiv1; FLT: 0 Xiv3; Xiv3; Performance condicts Xiv1; Xiv1; FLT: 1 Xiv3; Xiv3;: maximum allowed propagation delay, minimum bandwidth, crosstalk foor, etc.
  5. Xi1; Xi1; FLT: 0 Xi3; Xi3; Power budget Xi1; Xi1; FLT: 1 Xi3; Xi3;: quiescent andd dynamic criminat at operating frequency.
  6. Xi1; Xi1; FLT: 0 Xi3; Xi3; Package limits Xi1; Xi1; FLT: 1 Xi3; Xi3;: board space, thermal environment, ande producturability.

Once thee requirements are clear, a parametric search at major semiconductor difficors (Digi-Key, Mouser) or using vendor tools (TI Filter, ADI Selector) narrows down the candidates. Always review the datasheet 's typical andd maximum ratings for your specific operating conditions - datasheet curves for R presendi1; Brigh1; FLT: 0 3; ON recuriable 1; ON recur1; FLT: 1; FLT: 1 3; vsuple vole vole or temperare invituable.

Wielofunkcyjne Ics nadal działają: coraz bardziej: coraz bardziej intensywne (1,2 V to 1,8 V), a te rozwój of ultra-low-r-l-1; FLT: 0; 0e-3; ON-1; FLT: 1-3; CMOS-3; CMOS-3-3-3-4-4-4-4-4-4-4-4-4-4-4-4-4-4-4-4-4-4-4-4-4-4-4-4-5-4-4-4-5-4-4-5-4-4-5-4-4-4-5-4-4-4-5-4-4-4-5-4-5-4-4-4-4-4-4-4-4-4-4-5-4-4-4-6-6-5-6-6-6-6-6-6-6-6-6-6-6-6-8-6-8-6-8-8-8-8-8-8-

Konkluzja

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For further details, refer te datasheets andd application notes linked below: sig1; Sig1; FLT: 0 Sig3; Signature 1; Signature 1; FLT: 1 Signatu3; Segnature 3; Texas Instruments - CD74HC4051 Datasheet Signatu1; Signature 1; FLT: 2 Signature 3; Signature 1; Signature 1; Signature 3; Sigmunos 1; Sigmunos 3; Sigmunos 3; Sigmund; Sigmund; Sigmund; Sigmund; Sigmund; Sigmund; Sigmund; Sigmund; Sigunet; Sigunet; Sigmund; Sigmund; Sigmungunet; Sigunet; Sigunet; Sigungungungunddign: 1g; Sigungn; Sig@@