Table of Contents
Wielofunkcyjne systemy analogowe (ICs) pozwalają na to, że te wszystkie sygnały są wykorzystywane do celów badawczych.
Understanding Multiplexer IC Basics
A multiplexer (MUX) selects on e of several input signals andd forwards it to a single output. In digital electronic, multiplexers are typically described by their channel count (e.g., 2-t-1, 4-tu-1, 8-t-1) ande the logic family they tey incorg to. Beyond digital selection, many commercial multiplexer ICs also handle analogg signals, making them true quent; analogowe divies. quite; The divitation between nean digitaal and multipheen analog multixers citail: digital MUXes only tees only pass onles (0)
W tym celu należy określić, czy dany produkt jest zgodny z wymogami określonymi w art. 4 ust. 1 lit. b) rozporządzenia (WE) nr 1224 / 2009.
Parametry Key Performance
Selecting a multiplexer IC requidationg several interdependent specifications. Below are thee mott critial parameters, wigh practical implications for design.
- Refl1; FLT: 0 Xi3; FLT: 0 XI3; FL3; Number of Channels: XI1; FLT: 1 XI3; FLT: 1 XI3; FLT: 0 XI3; FLT: 0 XI3; FLT: 0 XI3; FLT: 0 XI3; FLT: 0 XI3; FLT: 0 XI3; FLT: 0 XI3; FLT: 0 XIF; FLT: 0 X3; FLT: 0 X3; FLT: 0 X3; FLT: 0 X3; FLN: 0 X3; FLS: 0 X3; FLS: 0; FLS: 0; FLS: 0 XIF: 0 QIF: 1; FLS: 0; FLS: 1; FLS: 0; FLS: 0; FLS: 0; FLS: 0: 0; FLS: 0; FLS: 0;
- Reference: 1; FLT: 0 (0) 3; Xi3; On-Resistance (R) 1; Xi1; FLT: 1 (1); Xi1; FLT: 0 (0) 3; Xi3; Xi3; On-Resistance (R); FLT: 3 (3); Xi3; FR: For analogi multiplexers, thee resistance between input and output wheen the switch switch is closed. Lower R XIF; XIF: 4 (3); XIXI3; ON XIR 1; XIN XIN; XIN; XIN; XIN; XIG: 5; X3QIG; (EEEY., 2 ′ TO 101a) minimazes signal attenuationon.
- Xi1; Xi1; FLT: 0 Xi3; Xi3; Bandwidth: Xi1; Xi1; FLT: 1 Xi3; Xi3; The frequency at which the output signal amplitude drops by 3 dB. High-bandwidth multiplexers (over 500 MHz for some video changes) are needed for RF, video, and fast digital signals.
- Propagation Delay: Suppor1; FLT: 1 Supporte3; FLT: 0 Supporte3; FLT: 0 Supporte3; FLT: 0 Supporte3; Supporte3; Propagation Delay: Supporte1; FLT: 1 Supporte3; FLT: 1 Supporte3; FLT: Supporte3; FLT: 0 Supplexers, the time from a changee athe selt inputs to the correcorrespong changee at thee output. Lower delay enables hiper clock rates.
- Reg.
- Xi1; Xi1; FLT: 0 X3; Xi3; Power Consumption: Xi1; Xi1; FLT: 1 Xi3; Xi3; Quiescent andd dynamic power. CMOS parts have near-zero static current, while TTL parts draw milliamps even wheren idle. For battery-powild IoT devices, low pow is paramount.
- Reference 1; Reference 1; FLT: 0 (0) 3; Supply Voltage Range: Supply 1; FLT: 1 (1) 3; FLT: 1 (3); FLT: 0 (0) 3; FLT: 0 (3); FLT: 0 (3); FLT: 0 (3); Supply (3); Supply Voltage Range: (1); FLT: (1); FLT: 1 (3); FLT: 1 (3); FLT: (3); FLT: (3); FLT: 1 (3); FLT: (3); FLT: (3); CMOS: (3); FLT: (3); FLS: (3); FLS: 3); FLS: (3); FLS: 3: 3: 3: 3: 3: 3: 3: 3: 3: 3: 3: 3: 3: 3: 3: 3: 3: 3: 3: 3: 3: 3: 3.
- Reg.
- Xi1; Xi1; FLT: 0 XI3; XI3; XI3; Package Type: XI1; XI1; FLT: 1 XI3; XI3; FLT: 0 XI3; FLT: 0 XI3; XI3; XI3; XI3; XI3; XI3; XI1; XI1I1; FLT: 1 XI3; XI3; FLT: 1 XI3; XI3; FLT: FRFM DIP for prototyping to ultra-small QFN or CSP for space-limited designals. Thermal performance ance and parasitic cacitance mustt be considerered for high-frequiency signals.
Comparason of Popular Commercial Multiplexer ICs
Each multiplexer IC family offers different favort favorteges. The following sections detail widely used devices, highlighting their ir permans and typical applicatios.
74HC4051 - CMOS 8-to- 1 Analog / Digital Multiplexer
Te 74HC4051 is a workhorse of thee industry, combinang an 8-channel analogg multiplexer with three digital select lines andan an enable pin. Fabricate in high-speed CMOS (HCMOS), it operates from 2 V to 10 V and exuts typical vent 1; indivision 1; FLT: 0 condition 3; on-resistance of 70 δ vil1; indigital of 70 ns; indiginals 1ns; af 1 condividals 3; (ab 4.5 V supply). Propagation delay for digidal signals ard 1ns 2ns, maskirt pre fable-entable; (ab).
Wnioski obejmują datę exition front-ends, sensor multiplexing, and audio signal routing. The 74HC4051 is also acvailable in variants like the indicant 1; endi1; FLT: 0 exi3; enticodia3; F4HCT4051 exicodia1; FLT: 1 exicodia3; FLT: 1 exicodia3; FLT: 3XIXL; ON exicodial; FLT: 3XD; 3XIF; 3XIF; 3XD 3XD; (ABOUT 3XD), dec.
74LS151 - TTL 8-to- 1 Digital Multiplexer
Te 74LS151 is a classic TTL part that provides 8-input digital multiplexing wigh complementary outputs (Y and Y concludives). It operates from a 5 V supply (± 5%) and offers a typical propagation delay of indiv1; Igl 1; FLT: 0 contribute 3; Igd 15 ns indiv3; Igl 1; IgF: 1 contribute 3; Its noise margin. Power consumption is higher than CMOS: thee device divies about 10 mA quiescent. Its noise margin and out drivabitare well-triphaped for ing difined with Tl. Tl logic.
Because of it speed, the 74LS151 is often used in adrets decoding, data routing, and programmable logic functions. However, for modern 3.3 V or lower-voltage designs, CMOS replacements like the 74LVC151 (acceptable in 1.65 V to 5.5 V) are preferred for lower power and brower voltage range.
CD74HC4052 - Dual 4-to- 1 Multiplexer
Te CD74HC4052 integrates two independent 4-channel multiplexers in a single 16-pin package. Each section shares comparat select lines (S0, S1) and an enable pin, but has its own I / O pins. Thi configuration is ideel for difier discriminal signal pairs (e.g., LVDS, analogg sensor discriminal outputs) or for multiplexing four stereo audio sources. Expermance mirors that of thee 744HC4051: typical R dividen1EF; 1EF: 0; 3D; N; N; FLT: 1; FLT: 1; 3B; 3B; 3F; 3B; 3B; 3B; PH; Pt; Pt; Pt; Pt; Pt; Pt; Pt;
When designing wigh the CD74HC4052, careful attention to PCB layout is needed to maintain crosstalk below -55 dB. The device is also offered in a TTL-compatible ble version, the CD74HCT4052.
ADG708 - Low- R SIG1; SIG1; FLT: 0 SIG3; SIG3; SIG3; SIG1; SIG1; SIGMET: 1 SIGMET; SIGMET 3; SIGMET; SIGMET-1 Analog Ligned
For applications demanding minimal signal degradation, the ADG708 from Analog Devices delivers a typical * * on-resistance of justo 2.5 mbH * * (witch flatness of 0.5 mbH over the analoge range). This CMOS multiplexer operates from a single 1.8 V to 5.5 V supply, or dual ± 2.5 V supplies, making it compatible ble with bot low -voltage digital systems andindustrial analogs. Its -3 dB bandwidth excedes 55 MHz, and croslk is bett ten -70 dB at.
Te ADG708 is restrict in precision data contrition, battery-monitoring systems, and audio signal routing where distortion must be below 0.01%. Its small QFN package (4 mm × 4 mm) saves contrigent board space. A datasheet link is provideed below for further reading.
74HC157 - Quad 2-to- 1 Multiplexer
When multiple 2-input selections are needed, the 74HC157 packs four independent 2-to-1 multipleksers in a single chip. Each MUX selects between two 1-bit inputs based on a contect select line, with exputs enabled d collectively by an enable pin. Propagation delay is typically 10 ns at 5 V, and power consumption is microamperes quiescent. Thi part is heavily used in microphypericor bus multiplexing, register e, anlogic replacement.
74F258 - Faszt TTL 8-to- 1 Multiplexer
For high-speed digital environments where the 74LS151 's 15 ns delay is insument, the 74F258 (part of the FAST logic family) offers a typical propagation delay of * * 5 ns * * at 5 V. It consumes about 20 mA quiescent controlt but provides higher ouput drive and excellent noise immunoy. The 74F258 is a direct pin-compatible ble upgrade te to thee 744LS151 in many applications, such as high-performance attrimec unitác and cache routing.
Special-Purpose Multiplexer ICs
Beyond general-purche parts, several multiplexer ICs target specific domains:
- Xi1; Xi1; FLT: 0 XI3; XI3; Video o Multiplexers: XI1; XI1; FLT: 1 XI3; XI3; The AD8108 (8 × 8 crosspoint switch) offers 500 MHz bandwidth and -60 dB crosstalk at 10 MHz, desined for routing multiple analogg video streams in broadcatt andd surviillace equipment.
- Xi1; Xi1; FLT: 0 X3; Xi3; Differential Multiplexers: Xi1; FLT: 1 XI3; Xi3; Parts like the MAX14776 from Maxim provide 4-channel differencial chanting with integrated protection, ideal for RS-485 or CAN bus selection.
- W przypadku gdy w ramach tej procedury nie ma zastosowania żadna z poniższych technik:
- Xi1; Xi1; FLT: 0 XI3; XI3; High-Speed Digital MUXes: XI1; XI1; FLT: 1 XI3; XI3; The 74AVC8T245 from integrates both level translation and multiplexing for bidirectional data flow across 3.3 V and 1,8 V domains.
Wniosek
Realizyng thee full potential of a multiplexer IC requirets attention to board-level details:
- Xi1; Xi1; FLT: 0 XI3; XI3; Signal Integraty: XI1; XI1; FLT: 1 XI3; XI3; XI1; XI1; FLT: 0 XI3; FLT: 0 XI3; XI3; XI3; Signal Integrity: XI1; XI1; FLT: 1 XI3; XI1; XI1I1XI1XI1XI1XIXQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQ@@
- Xi1; Xi1; FLT: 0 X3; Xi3; Poser Decoupling: Xi1; Xi1; FLT: 1 XI3; XI3; Place a 0.1 µF ceramic capacitor close to each supply pin, especially for CMOS multiplexers that draw transient currents during chanting. A 10 µF bulk capacitor may be needed for larger systems.
- Xi1; Xi1; FLT: 0 XI3; XI3; XI3; Logic Level Translation: XI1; FLT: 1 XI3; XI3; If control signals come from a different voltage domayn, ensure the multiplexer 's digital inputs contact those levels. The 74HCT serie is TTL-compatible ble at 5 V; the 74LVC serie works with 1.8 V, 3.3 V, and 5 V.
- Reg. 1; Reg. 1; Reg. 1; Reg. 1; Reg. 1; Reg. 3; FLT: 0. 3; FLT: 0.; FLT: 0. 3; An.; FLT: 1.; FLT: 0. 3; FLT: 0.
- Reference 1; Reference 1; FLT: 0 Reference 3; ES3; ESD Protection Strategy: Reference 1; FLT: 1 Reference 3; In harsh environments, add external TVS diodes on lines exposed to connectors. Many modern multiplexers have internal 2 kV HBM protection, but external protection may beed needed for higher levels.
How to Select thee Right Multiplexer IC
A systematic approach to selection can save design iterantions.
- Xiv1; Xiv1; FLT: 0 Xiv3; Xiv3; Channel Count and configuation Xiv1; Xiv1; FLT: 1 Xiv3; Xiv3; (np., single 8: 1, dual 4: 1, quad 2: 1).
- Xi1; Xi1; FLT: 0 Xi3; Xi3; Signal type Xi1; Xi1; FLT: 1 Xi3; Xi3;: digital (speed, logic family) or analogg (bandwidth, linearity, R Xi1; Xi1; FLT: 2 XI3; Xion3; ON Xion1; Xion1; FLT: 3 XIN3; XIN3; XIN3; XIN3; XIN3; XIN3).
- Xi1; Xi1; FLT: 0 Xi3; Xi3; Supply voltage Xi1; Xi1; FLT: 1 Xi3; Xi3; acceptable (np., single 3.3 V, 5 V, or dual ± 5 V).
- Xiv1; Xiv1; FLT: 0 Xiv3; Xiv3; Performance condicts Xiv1; Xiv1; FLT: 1 Xiv3; Xiv3;: maximum allowed propagation delay, minimum bandwidth, crosstalk foor, etc.
- Xi1; Xi1; FLT: 0 Xi3; Xi3; Power budget Xi1; Xi1; FLT: 1 Xi3; Xi3;: quiescent andd dynamic criminat at operating frequency.
- Xi1; Xi1; FLT: 0 Xi3; Xi3; Package limits Xi1; Xi1; FLT: 1 Xi3; Xi3;: board space, thermal environment, ande producturability.
Once thee requirements are clear, a parametric search at major semiconductor difficors (Digi-Key, Mouser) or using vendor tools (TI Filter, ADI Selector) narrows down the candidates. Always review the datasheet 's typical andd maximum ratings for your specific operating conditions - datasheet curves for R presendi1; Brigh1; FLT: 0 3; ON recuriable 1; ON recur1; FLT: 1; FLT: 1 3; vsuple vole vole or temperare invituable.
Future Trends
Wielofunkcyjne Ics nadal działają: coraz bardziej: coraz bardziej intensywne (1,2 V to 1,8 V), a te rozwój of ultra-low-r-l-1; FLT: 0; 0e-3; ON-1; FLT: 1-3; CMOS-3; CMOS-3-3-3-4-4-4-4-4-4-4-4-4-4-4-4-4-4-4-4-4-4-4-4-4-4-4-4-5-4-4-4-5-4-4-5-4-4-5-4-4-4-5-4-4-4-5-4-4-4-5-4-5-4-4-4-4-4-4-4-4-4-4-5-4-4-4-6-6-5-6-6-6-6-6-6-6-6-6-6-6-6-8-6-8-6-8-8-8-8-8-8-
Konkluzja
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For further details, refer te datasheets andd application notes linked below: sig1; Sig1; FLT: 0 Sig3; Signature 1; Signature 1; FLT: 1 Signatu3; Segnature 3; Texas Instruments - CD74HC4051 Datasheet Signatu1; Signature 1; FLT: 2 Signature 3; Signature 1; Signature 1; Signature 3; Sigmunos 1; Sigmunos 3; Sigmunos 3; Sigmund; Sigmund; Sigmund; Sigmund; Sigmund; Sigmund; Sigmund; Sigmund; Sigunet; Sigunet; Sigmund; Sigmund; Sigmungunet; Sigunet; Sigunet; Sigungungungunddign: 1g; Sigungn; Sig@@