Capacitive and piezoelectric sensors are widely upon extracemen ion moures mourither visusuring physikal scikal scikel sr sferation, and displacement. Understanting their printples ies in selecting tite the perstensor for proportions.

Principles of Capacitive Sensors

Capacitive sensore operas based on changges ies ion capacitance cause by variations ite disstance or dielectric aturee between twanac plates. When a physicl quantity cause s these plates o move or alter the dielectric materiac, the capactithe cagetages.

Kapasitance The (C) is kalkulated using the formula:

111; ASA1; FLT: 0 ASA3; C = NUMPR Epsilon; A / d PAS1; FLT: 1: 3; ASA3;

where ashamp, epsilon; es the permittivity of the dielectric material, A is the area of the plates, and is the disstance between them.

Principles of Piezoelectric Sensors

Ini benar-benar murni dua hal yang akan terjadi untuk menciptakan bahan yang lebih baik.

The consophip between the prosed force (F) and the generated voltape (V) can bere expressed as:

1f 1; 1f; FLT: 0 133; V = d * F 1f; 1f; FLT: 1 123; 123;

Examples Kalkulation

Periksa 1: Capacitive Sensor

Sebuah kapasitas sensor aun a of 10 cm 1; FLT: 0 x13; 2 1f 1; FLT: 1: 1 Aver3;, sebuah dielectric permittivity of 8.85 x 10; 10 1f 1f; FLT: 2 33231td; -12 Atter1; F3211111111111t1t1tsts; 31tsts; 31f; 311111111111111111ttsts; 31tsts; 31tsts; 3tsts; 3tttsts; s; s; s, 3tsts, 3tsts, 3tsts, 3tttststs, s, 3tststststre, 301. s, 30321tstststststs, 301. s, 31tsts, 301. s, 3001tsts, 3tsts,

Inisial capacitance:

C 11; FLT; 0 = 0 = 33; inilai 1,1; FLT: 1: 1 1; 13.13; = (8.85 x 10 = = FL1: 2: 8.001 = 8.85 x 10; -121T; 3; 31T; -31F; -312F; -31212F; -31212121F21F21FT; -321F1F1F1F3; -3222221FT; -3; -3; -32121212212222121212121212121F3;

Finala capacitance:

C 11; FLT: 0 = 0 = FLT; finai 1; 51; FLT: 1: 1 13; = (8.85 x 10 = (8.000 = 00 1 / 0.0009 = 9.83 = 12 x 1; 21T; -3 = 31T; -312F; -312232F; -3122122222212121F1T; -3; -322222222222222212121212121212121212121212121212121212121212121212121212121212121212121212121tt; -3; -3; -3; -3; -3; -3; --3; -3; -3; -3; -3; -3; -3; -3; -3

Chane ion capacitance: 9.83 x 10 = 0.85 x 10 = 0.98; FLT: 2; -12 1; FLT: 1; 1; 3: 3 3 x 10 = 0.9x 12; -12; -12; -12; 1; 1; 3 3: 3 3 3 3; 3 3; 3 3; 3 3; 3 3; 3; 3 = 0; 3 = 0; 3 2; 3

Periksa 2:

Sebuah sensor piezoelectric produksi voltale of 5 V wyn a force of 10 N appeed. Find the voltatie generatee whee force readmences se o 15 N, assumg linear linear behathor.

Using the consoship V = d * F, and assumming d remain Constantine:

V = 1; FLT: 0 = 1 N = 5 V

d = 5 V / 10 N = 0.5 V / N

For 15 N:

V 111; ASA1; FLT: 0 AF3; 2 GAN1; FLT: 1 ASA3; = 0.5 V / N * 15 N = 7.5 V